Cinwaanka: Israa’iil iyo Mareykanka: Waxay Ogaadeen Sirta Fayrasyada Dagaalka La-dagaalanka Bakteeriyada Caabbinta Leh
By Pesach Benson • December 18, 2025
Yeruusaalem, 18 December, 2025 (TPS-IL) — Beddel yar oo fayras ah oo ay ogaadeen saynisyahanada Israa’iil iyo Mareykanka ayaa furi kara jiid cusub oo ku aaddan la-dagaalanka caabbinta bakteeriyada ee daroogada, oo ah khatar caafimaad oo caalami ah oo la filayo inay disho ilaa 10 milyan oo qof sanadkiiba marka la gaaro 2050. Saynisyahanada Jaamacadda Cibraaniga ee Yeruusaalem ayaa shaaciyay in bacteriophages—fayrasyada weerara bakteeriyada—ay isticmaalaan molekyul yar oo RNA ah si ay u qabsadaan unugyada bakteeriyada, taas oo ah hab aan hore loo qeexin, taas oo bixisa aragtiyo cusub oo ku saabsan daawaynta mustaqbalka ee ku salaysan fayrasyada.
Daraasadda, oo ay hoggaaminaysay Dr. Sahar Melamed iyo kooxdeeda, oo ay ku jiraan ardayga PhD Aviezer Silverman, ardayga MSc Raneem Nashef, iyo cilmi-nafsiga kombuyuutarka Reut Wasserman, iyadoo la kaashanayso Prof. Ido Golding oo ka socda Jaamacadda Illinois Urbana-Champaign, ayaa diiradda saartay RNA fayras oo yar oo la yiraahdo PreS. Si ka duwan inta badan cilmi-baarista hore, taas oo diiradda saartay borotiinada fayrasyada, daraasaddan ayaa muujisay in xitaa mid ka mid ah fayrasyada ugu badan ee la baray, lambda, uu isticmaalo RNA si toos ah u maamulo muujinta hidaha bakteeriyada.
“RNA-gan yar wuxuu siinayaa fayraska lakab dheeraad ah oo xakameyn ah,” ayay tiri Melamed. “Adigoo xakameynaya hidaha bakteeriyada ee muhiimka ah wakhtiga saxda ah, fayrasku wuxuu kordhiyaa fursadaha uu ku guuleysto taranka. Waxaannu aad ula yaabnay in fayras lambda, oo la barayay in ka badan 75 sano, uu weli qarinayo sirar. Ogaanshaha xakameeye RNA oo aan la filayn oo ku jira nidaamkaas caadiga ah waxay soo jeedinaysaa inaan kaliya fahannay hal xarig oo laga yaabo inay tahay shabakad aad u qani ah oo xakameyn ku salaysan RNA ee fayrasyada.”
Cilmi-baarayaashu waxay ogaadeen in PreS uu u shaqeeyo sidii “beddel” molecular ah oo ku dhex jira bakteeriyada la qaadsiiyay, isagoo bartilmaameedsanaya mRNA-yada bakteeriyada ee gaarka ah. Bartilmaameedka muhiimka ah waa fariinta koodka DnaN, borotiin muhiim u ah taranka DNA-da. PreS wuxuu ku xidhaa qayb caadi ahaan laalaabtay ee mRNA-gan, wuu furayaa, wuxuuna ka dhigayaa mid fudud in mashiinka samaynta borotiinka bakteeriyada uu tarjumo. Natiijadu waa borotiin DnaN oo badan, taranka DNA-da fayraska oo degdeg ah, iyo caabuq wax ku ool ah. Marka PreS la saaro ama meesha uu ku xidhan yahay la carqaladeeyo, fayrasku wuu yaraadaa, wuxuu ku tarmaa si gaabis ah, wuxuuna dib u dhacaa marxaladda burburinta.
“Habkan lama arag horayba fayrasyada,” ayuu yiri Silverman. “Waxay muujineysaa in xitaa molekyulada fayrasyada ugu yar ay door muhiim ah ka ciyaari karaan caabuqa, taasoo siinaysa fayraska faa’iido yar laakiin xoog leh oo ka sarreeya martidiisa.”
Ogaanshaha ayaa si gaar ah u yaab leh sababtoo ah RNA-yada yaryar lama filayn inay yihiin ciyaartoy muhiim ah oo ku jira bayoolojiga fayrasyada. Haddana PreS wuxuu si weyn ugu xafidan yahay fayrasyada la xiriira, taasoo soo jeedinaysa in fayrasyo badan ay wadaagi karaan “qalab” qarsoon oo xakameynaya RNA, oo ah beer ay saynisyahanadu kaliya bilaabayaan inay sahamiyaan.
Fahamka sida fayrasyada u xakameeyaan unugyada bakteeriyada ayaa muhiim u ah bayoolojiga aasaasiga ah iyo codsiyada caafimaad ee suurtogalka ah. Iyadoo caabbinta antibiyootiga ay kordheyso adduunka oo dhan, daawaynta fayrasyada—isticicalka fayrasyada si loo weeraro bakteeriyada si gaar ah—ayaa helaysa dareen sidii beddel dabacsan, bartilmaameed u ah daawooyinka caadiga ah. Ogaanshaha sida PreS waxay bixisaa qorshe loogu talagalay naqshadaynta fayrasyada caqliga badan ee ah kuwa nabadgelyo leh, la saadaalin karo, iyo kuwa wax ku ool ah la-dagaalanka caabbinta daroogada.
“Xitaa molekyulada fayrasyada ugu yar waxay yeelan karaan saameyn weyn oo ku saabsan haddii caabuq guuleysto,” ayay tiri Melamed. “Adigoo baranaya sida fayrasyada u maamulaan martidooda heerkan microscopic, waxaan bilaabi karnaa inaan naqshadayno fayrasyo xoog leh oo sax ah oo ku jira la-dagaalanka caabbinta antibiyootiga.”
Fahamka sida PreS u maamulo unugyada bakteeriyada ayaa ka caawin kara saynisyahanada inay naqshadaynayaan daawaynta fayrasyada caqliga badan ee ka waxtar badan bartilmaameedka bakteeriyada waxyeelada leh, gaar ahaan noocyada u adkaysta antibiyootiga. Adigoo ka faa’iidaysanaya hababkan ku salaysan RNA, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay horumarin karaan daawaynta saxda ah ee awood u leh inay weeraraan caabuqyada badan ee u adkaysta daroogada kuwaas oo antibiyootiga caadiga ah aysan taaban karin.
Ka baxsan daawada, natiijooyinka ayaa sidoo kale yeelan kara codsiyo ku jira bayoolojiyada synthetic, taasoo u oggolaanaysa fayrasyada ama bakteeriyada la naqshadaynayo in loo isticmaalo hababka warshadaha, maareynta microbiome, ama xakamaynta biofilms, taasoo ka dhigaysa istaraatiijiyad fayras oo hore u qarsooneyd inay noqoto qalab dabacsan oo loogu talagalay caafimaadka iyo tignoolajiyada labadaba.
Daraasadda waxaa lagu daabacay joornaalka dib loo eegay ee Molecular Cell.
Mawduucyada La Xiriira
